See senex on Wiktionary
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "dercat"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European",
"name": "langname"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine",
"3": "sénos"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "word"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "la",
"3": "senex"
},
"expansion": "Latin senex",
"name": "bor"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Latin senex.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "senexes",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "senex (plural senexes)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 2 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "71 10 5 10 4",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 2 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "74 8 5 9 4",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1997, Arthur Asa Berger, The Art of Comedy Writing, published 2017, →ISBN:",
"text": "6. Old Men or Senexes. Frequently these characters have a beautiful young ward who, often, they wish to marry (or wish to marry off to someone the ward doesn’t like) and it is the task of the hero, the male lead, often helped by a shrewd servant or slave (or similar figure) to outwit the senex and marry the girl. Sometimes the senex figure is actually married to a young wife and that poses numerous complications: the old husband is jealous, the young wife unsatisfied in various ways with a different perspective on life.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "2013, John P. Anderson, Joyce’s Finnegans Wake: The Curse of Kabbalah, volume 7, Universal Publishers, →ISBN, page 53:",
"text": "Now for more about the four birds, explicitly identified with the four evangelists as the four old men or Senexes. Notice the repetition on four as the four Gospel books repeat much of the same history of Christ, perhaps as a result of an editorial effort to achieve uniformity.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "2016, Stephen Glynn, The British School Film: From Tom Brown to Harry Potter, Palgrave Macmillan, →ISBN, page 90:",
"text": "It concludes, though, not with an image of resigned heads or rebellious newcomers: instead, after the camera lifts for the final credits to the heavens—the only site for the senexes’ social and educational ideals?—it descends on the playing fields where the school’s ration-book-resourceful porter Rainbow (Edward Rigby) and his youthful assistant are seen collapsed under the frequently-removed rugby posts.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"An older or old man, chiefly as a stock character."
],
"id": "en-senex-en-noun-zx0236UJ",
"links": [
[
"older",
"older"
],
[
"old",
"old"
],
[
"man",
"man"
],
[
"stock character",
"stock character"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈsɛnɛks/"
}
],
"word": "senex"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "senex amans"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "senex iratus"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fro",
"2": "sené"
},
"expansion": "Old French: sené",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old French: sené"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Borrowings:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "senex",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ English: senex",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ English: senex"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "it",
"2": "sene",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Italian: sene",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Italian: sene"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "VL.",
"2": "*senicus"
},
"expansion": "Vulgar Latin: *senicus",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Vulgar Latin: *senicus"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "rup",
"2": "sinrecu"
},
"expansion": "Aromanian: sinrecu",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Aromanian: sinrecu"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nap",
"2": "sanice"
},
"expansion": "Neapolitan: sanice",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "Old Abruzzese"
},
"expansion": "(Old Abruzzese)",
"name": "qualifier"
}
],
"text": "Neapolitan: sanice (Old Abruzzese)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "oc",
"2": "senec",
"3": "sanec"
},
"expansion": "Occitan: senec, sanec",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Occitan: senec, sanec"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "roa-oit",
"2": "senici"
},
"expansion": "Old Italian: senici",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Italian: senici"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ro",
"2": "sânec",
"3": "sinec"
},
"expansion": "Romanian: sânec, sinec",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Romanian: sânec, sinec"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "sénos"
},
"expansion": "PIE word\n *sénos",
"name": "PIE word"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "itc-pro",
"3": "*seneks",
"4": ""
},
"expansion": "Proto-Italic *seneks",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*sénos",
"4": "",
"5": "old"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *sénos (“old”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lt",
"2": "senis",
"3": "",
"4": "old man"
},
"expansion": "Lithuanian senis (“old man”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "ἕνος"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek ἕνος (hénos)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sga",
"2": "sen"
},
"expansion": "Old Irish sen",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cel-bry-pro",
"2": "*hen"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Brythonic *hen",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ae",
"2": "𐬵𐬀𐬥𐬀",
"3": "",
"4": "old"
},
"expansion": "Avestan 𐬵𐬀𐬥𐬀 (hana, “old”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "सन",
"tr": "sána"
},
"expansion": "Sanskrit सन (sána)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "got",
"2": "𐍃𐌹𐌽𐌴𐌹𐌲𐍃"
},
"expansion": "Gothic 𐍃𐌹𐌽𐌴𐌹𐌲𐍃 (sineigs)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "PIE word\n *sénos\nFrom Proto-Italic *seneks, from Proto-Indo-European *sénos (“old”). Sihler holds the former inflection to be a consonant stem *sē, senis, with some remodeled endings taken from the antonym iuvenis; others propose an o-stem *senos (but this leaves the remade nominative singular less clearly motivated).\nNonetheless, the apparent discrepancy between the nominative senex and the oblique root sen- may reflect a Proto-Italic root *seneɣ-, which in Old Latin would yield senex in the nominative and *seneh- (later contracted to sen-) in the oblique. Cognates include Lithuanian senis (“old man”), Ancient Greek ἕνος (hénos), Old Irish sen, Proto-Brythonic *hen, Avestan 𐬵𐬀𐬥𐬀 (hana, “old”), Sanskrit सन (sána) and Gothic 𐍃𐌹𐌽𐌴𐌹𐌲𐍃 (sineigs).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "senis",
"tags": [
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "la-ndecl",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "senex",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "senēs",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "senis",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "senum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "senī",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "senibus",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "senem",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "senēs",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "sene",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "senibus",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "senex",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "senēs",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "senex/sen<3>",
"g": "m",
"g2": "f"
},
"expansion": "senex m or f (genitive senis); third declension",
"name": "la-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "senex/sen<3>"
},
"name": "la-ndecl"
}
],
"lang": "Latin",
"lang_code": "la",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"antonyms": [
{
"word": "iuvenis"
}
],
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "31 13 25 31",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latin third declension adjectives of one termination",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "42 35 10 13",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "la",
"name": "Age",
"orig": "la:Age",
"parents": [
"Human",
"Time",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "[…] I thoroughly despise that army composed of desperate old men, of clownish profligates, and uneducated spendthrifts; of those who have preferred to desert their bail rather than that army",
"ref": "; speech 2, section 5",
"text": "[…] magno opere contemno, conlectum ex senibus desperatis, ex agresti luxuria, ex rusticis decoctoribus, ex eis qui vadimonia deserere quam illum exercitum maluerunt;"
},
{
"english": "And it shall come to pass afterward, that I will pour out my spirit upon all flesh; and your sons and your daughters shall prophesy, your old men shall dream dreams, your young men shall see visions:",
"ref": "Late 4th century, Jerome [et al.], transl., edited by Roger Gryson, Biblia Sacra: Iuxta Vulgatam Versionem (Vulgate), 5th edition, Stuttgart: Deutsche Bibelgesellschaft, published 2007, →ISBN, 2:28:",
"text": "et erit post haec effundam spiritum meum super omnem carnem et prophetabunt filii vestri et filiae vestrae senes vestri somnia somniabunt et iuvenes vestri visiones videbunt",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"old man, older man (typically age 40 or older; older than a iuvenis)"
],
"id": "en-senex-la-noun-DK9p7V7B",
"links": [
[
"old man",
"old man"
],
[
"older",
"older"
],
[
"man",
"man"
],
[
"iuvenis",
"iuvenis#Latin"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "seneciō"
},
{
"word": "veglō"
}
],
"tags": [
"declension-3",
"feminine",
"masculine"
]
},
{
"antonyms": [
{
"word": "iuvenis"
}
],
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "15 17 41 28",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latin masculine nouns in the third declension",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "31 13 25 31",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latin third declension adjectives of one termination",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "42 35 10 13",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "la",
"name": "Age",
"orig": "la:Age",
"parents": [
"Human",
"Time",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"old person, older person"
],
"id": "en-senex-la-noun-v4PTt~h6",
"links": [
[
"old",
"old"
],
[
"person",
"person"
],
[
"older",
"older"
]
],
"tags": [
"declension-3",
"feminine",
"masculine"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "8 11 26 55",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latin feminine nouns in the third declension",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "31 13 25 31",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latin third declension adjectives of one termination",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "42 35 10 13",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "la",
"name": "Age",
"orig": "la:Age",
"parents": [
"Human",
"Time",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "5 12 0 83",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "la",
"name": "People",
"orig": "la:People",
"parents": [
"Human",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "Albius Tibullus, Elegiae 1.6.82",
"roman": "Spectat et, infidis quam sit acerba, monet.",
"text": "At quae fida fuit nulli, post victa senecta\nducit inops tremula stamina torta manu\nfirmaque conductis adnectit licia telis\ntractaque de niveo vellere ducta putat.\nHanc animo gaudente vident iuvenumque catervae\nConmemorant merito tot mala ferre senem,\nHanc Venus exalto flentem sublimis Olympo"
}
],
"glosses": [
"as feminine old woman, older woman"
],
"id": "en-senex-la-noun-UXNeQiwf",
"links": [
[
"old woman",
"old woman"
],
[
"older",
"older"
],
[
"woman",
"woman"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(uncommon) as feminine old woman, older woman"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "anus"
},
{
"word": "anicula"
}
],
"tags": [
"declension-3",
"feminine",
"masculine",
"uncommon"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈse.neks/",
"tags": [
"Classical-Latin"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈs̠ɛnɛks̠]",
"tags": [
"Classical-Latin"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈse.neks/",
"note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical"
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈsɛːneks]",
"note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical"
}
],
"word": "senex"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fro",
"2": "sené"
},
"expansion": "Old French: sené",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old French: sené"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "es",
"2": "sené"
},
"expansion": "Spanish: sené",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Spanish: sené"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sc",
"2": "-"
},
"expansion": "Sardinian:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Sardinian:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sc-src",
"2": "seneghe",
"alt": "sèneghe"
},
"expansion": "Logudorese: sèneghe",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Logudorese: sèneghe"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sc-nuo",
"2": "seneche",
"alt": "sèneche"
},
"expansion": "Nuorese: sèneche",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Nuorese: sèneche"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "sénos"
},
"expansion": "PIE word\n *sénos",
"name": "PIE word"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "itc-pro",
"3": "*seneks",
"4": ""
},
"expansion": "Proto-Italic *seneks",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*sénos",
"4": "",
"5": "old"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *sénos (“old”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lt",
"2": "senis",
"3": "",
"4": "old man"
},
"expansion": "Lithuanian senis (“old man”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "ἕνος"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek ἕνος (hénos)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sga",
"2": "sen"
},
"expansion": "Old Irish sen",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cel-bry-pro",
"2": "*hen"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Brythonic *hen",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ae",
"2": "𐬵𐬀𐬥𐬀",
"3": "",
"4": "old"
},
"expansion": "Avestan 𐬵𐬀𐬥𐬀 (hana, “old”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "सन",
"tr": "sána"
},
"expansion": "Sanskrit सन (sána)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "got",
"2": "𐍃𐌹𐌽𐌴𐌹𐌲𐍃"
},
"expansion": "Gothic 𐍃𐌹𐌽𐌴𐌹𐌲𐍃 (sineigs)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "PIE word\n *sénos\nFrom Proto-Italic *seneks, from Proto-Indo-European *sénos (“old”). Sihler holds the former inflection to be a consonant stem *sē, senis, with some remodeled endings taken from the antonym iuvenis; others propose an o-stem *senos (but this leaves the remade nominative singular less clearly motivated).\nNonetheless, the apparent discrepancy between the nominative senex and the oblique root sen- may reflect a Proto-Italic root *seneɣ-, which in Old Latin would yield senex in the nominative and *seneh- (later contracted to sen-) in the oblique. Cognates include Lithuanian senis (“old man”), Ancient Greek ἕνος (hénos), Old Irish sen, Proto-Brythonic *hen, Avestan 𐬵𐬀𐬥𐬀 (hana, “old”), Sanskrit सन (sána) and Gothic 𐍃𐌹𐌽𐌴𐌹𐌲𐍃 (sineigs).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "senis",
"tags": [
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "senior",
"tags": [
"comparative"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "la-adecl",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "senex",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"masculine",
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "senēs",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"masculine",
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "senis",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"genitive",
"masculine"
]
},
{
"form": "senum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"genitive",
"masculine"
]
},
{
"form": "senī",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"feminine",
"masculine"
]
},
{
"form": "senibus",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"feminine",
"masculine"
]
},
{
"form": "senem",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"feminine",
"masculine"
]
},
{
"form": "senēs",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"feminine",
"masculine"
]
},
{
"form": "sene",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"feminine",
"masculine"
]
},
{
"form": "senibus",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"feminine",
"masculine"
]
},
{
"form": "senex",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"masculine",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "senēs",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"masculine",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "senex/sen<3-1+.-I>",
"comp": "senior"
},
"expansion": "senex (genitive senis, comparative senior); third-declension one-termination adjective (non-i-stem)",
"name": "la-adj"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "senex/sen<3-1+.-I>",
"noneut": "1"
},
"name": "la-adecl"
}
],
"lang": "Latin",
"lang_code": "la",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"antonyms": [
{
"word": "iuvenis"
},
{
"word": "novus"
},
{
"word": "novellus"
},
{
"word": "recēns"
}
],
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "44 21 26 9",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latin entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "31 13 25 31",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latin third declension adjectives of one termination",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "42 35 10 13",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "la",
"name": "Age",
"orig": "la:Age",
"parents": [
"Human",
"Time",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "senāculum"
},
{
"word": "senātor"
},
{
"word": "senātōrius"
},
{
"word": "senātrīx"
},
{
"word": "senātus"
},
{
"word": "seneciō"
},
{
"word": "senectus"
},
{
"word": "seneō"
},
{
"word": "senēscō"
},
{
"word": "seniculus"
},
{
"word": "senīlis"
},
{
"word": "senīliter"
},
{
"word": "senium"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "Now Eli was very old, and heard all that his sons did unto all Israel;",
"ref": "Late 4th century, Jerome [et al.], transl., edited by Roger Gryson, Biblia Sacra: Iuxta Vulgatam Versionem (Vulgate), 5th edition, Stuttgart: Deutsche Bibelgesellschaft, published 2007, →ISBN, 2:22:",
"text": "Heli autem erat senex valde et audivit omnia quae faciebant filii sui universo Israheli",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"old, aged, elderly"
],
"id": "en-senex-la-adj-Um~zYR3f",
"links": [
[
"old",
"old"
],
[
"aged",
"aged"
],
[
"elderly",
"elderly"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(usually of a person) old, aged, elderly"
],
"raw_tags": [
"of a person"
],
"related": [
{
"word": "senior"
},
{
"word": "antīquus"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "grandaevus"
},
{
"word": "senectus"
},
{
"word": "vetus"
},
{
"word": "vetulus"
},
{
"word": "vetustus"
}
],
"tags": [
"declension-3",
"one-termination",
"usually"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈse.neks/",
"tags": [
"Classical-Latin"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈs̠ɛnɛks̠]",
"tags": [
"Classical-Latin"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈse.neks/",
"note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical"
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈsɛːneks]",
"note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical"
}
],
"word": "senex"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 2 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"la:Age",
"la:People"
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "dercat"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European",
"name": "langname"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine",
"3": "sénos"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "word"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "la",
"3": "senex"
},
"expansion": "Latin senex",
"name": "bor"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Latin senex.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "senexes",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "senex (plural senexes)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English countable nouns",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English terms borrowed from Latin",
"English terms derived from Latin",
"English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European word *sénos",
"English terms with quotations",
"Pages with 2 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1997, Arthur Asa Berger, The Art of Comedy Writing, published 2017, →ISBN:",
"text": "6. Old Men or Senexes. Frequently these characters have a beautiful young ward who, often, they wish to marry (or wish to marry off to someone the ward doesn’t like) and it is the task of the hero, the male lead, often helped by a shrewd servant or slave (or similar figure) to outwit the senex and marry the girl. Sometimes the senex figure is actually married to a young wife and that poses numerous complications: the old husband is jealous, the young wife unsatisfied in various ways with a different perspective on life.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "2013, John P. Anderson, Joyce’s Finnegans Wake: The Curse of Kabbalah, volume 7, Universal Publishers, →ISBN, page 53:",
"text": "Now for more about the four birds, explicitly identified with the four evangelists as the four old men or Senexes. Notice the repetition on four as the four Gospel books repeat much of the same history of Christ, perhaps as a result of an editorial effort to achieve uniformity.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "2016, Stephen Glynn, The British School Film: From Tom Brown to Harry Potter, Palgrave Macmillan, →ISBN, page 90:",
"text": "It concludes, though, not with an image of resigned heads or rebellious newcomers: instead, after the camera lifts for the final credits to the heavens—the only site for the senexes’ social and educational ideals?—it descends on the playing fields where the school’s ration-book-resourceful porter Rainbow (Edward Rigby) and his youthful assistant are seen collapsed under the frequently-removed rugby posts.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"An older or old man, chiefly as a stock character."
],
"links": [
[
"older",
"older"
],
[
"old",
"old"
],
[
"man",
"man"
],
[
"stock character",
"stock character"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈsɛnɛks/"
}
],
"word": "senex"
}
{
"categories": [
"Latin 2-syllable words",
"Latin adjectives",
"Latin entries with incorrect language header",
"Latin feminine nouns",
"Latin feminine nouns in the third declension",
"Latin lemmas",
"Latin masculine nouns",
"Latin masculine nouns in the third declension",
"Latin nouns",
"Latin nouns with multiple genders",
"Latin terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Latin terms derived from Proto-Italic",
"Latin terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European word *sénos",
"Latin terms inherited from Proto-Italic",
"Latin terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Latin third declension adjectives",
"Latin third declension adjectives of one termination",
"Latin third declension nouns",
"Pages with 2 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"la:Age",
"la:People"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "senex amans"
},
{
"word": "senex iratus"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fro",
"2": "sené"
},
"expansion": "Old French: sené",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old French: sené"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Borrowings:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "senex",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ English: senex",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ English: senex"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "it",
"2": "sene",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Italian: sene",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Italian: sene"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "VL.",
"2": "*senicus"
},
"expansion": "Vulgar Latin: *senicus",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Vulgar Latin: *senicus"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "rup",
"2": "sinrecu"
},
"expansion": "Aromanian: sinrecu",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Aromanian: sinrecu"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nap",
"2": "sanice"
},
"expansion": "Neapolitan: sanice",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "Old Abruzzese"
},
"expansion": "(Old Abruzzese)",
"name": "qualifier"
}
],
"text": "Neapolitan: sanice (Old Abruzzese)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "oc",
"2": "senec",
"3": "sanec"
},
"expansion": "Occitan: senec, sanec",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Occitan: senec, sanec"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "roa-oit",
"2": "senici"
},
"expansion": "Old Italian: senici",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Italian: senici"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ro",
"2": "sânec",
"3": "sinec"
},
"expansion": "Romanian: sânec, sinec",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Romanian: sânec, sinec"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "sénos"
},
"expansion": "PIE word\n *sénos",
"name": "PIE word"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "itc-pro",
"3": "*seneks",
"4": ""
},
"expansion": "Proto-Italic *seneks",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*sénos",
"4": "",
"5": "old"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *sénos (“old”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lt",
"2": "senis",
"3": "",
"4": "old man"
},
"expansion": "Lithuanian senis (“old man”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "ἕνος"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek ἕνος (hénos)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sga",
"2": "sen"
},
"expansion": "Old Irish sen",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cel-bry-pro",
"2": "*hen"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Brythonic *hen",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ae",
"2": "𐬵𐬀𐬥𐬀",
"3": "",
"4": "old"
},
"expansion": "Avestan 𐬵𐬀𐬥𐬀 (hana, “old”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "सन",
"tr": "sána"
},
"expansion": "Sanskrit सन (sána)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "got",
"2": "𐍃𐌹𐌽𐌴𐌹𐌲𐍃"
},
"expansion": "Gothic 𐍃𐌹𐌽𐌴𐌹𐌲𐍃 (sineigs)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "PIE word\n *sénos\nFrom Proto-Italic *seneks, from Proto-Indo-European *sénos (“old”). Sihler holds the former inflection to be a consonant stem *sē, senis, with some remodeled endings taken from the antonym iuvenis; others propose an o-stem *senos (but this leaves the remade nominative singular less clearly motivated).\nNonetheless, the apparent discrepancy between the nominative senex and the oblique root sen- may reflect a Proto-Italic root *seneɣ-, which in Old Latin would yield senex in the nominative and *seneh- (later contracted to sen-) in the oblique. Cognates include Lithuanian senis (“old man”), Ancient Greek ἕνος (hénos), Old Irish sen, Proto-Brythonic *hen, Avestan 𐬵𐬀𐬥𐬀 (hana, “old”), Sanskrit सन (sána) and Gothic 𐍃𐌹𐌽𐌴𐌹𐌲𐍃 (sineigs).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "senis",
"tags": [
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "la-ndecl",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "senex",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "senēs",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "senis",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "senum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "senī",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "senibus",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "senem",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "senēs",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "sene",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "senibus",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "senex",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "senēs",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "senex/sen<3>",
"g": "m",
"g2": "f"
},
"expansion": "senex m or f (genitive senis); third declension",
"name": "la-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "senex/sen<3>"
},
"name": "la-ndecl"
}
],
"lang": "Latin",
"lang_code": "la",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"antonyms": [
{
"word": "iuvenis"
}
],
"categories": [
"Latin terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "[…] I thoroughly despise that army composed of desperate old men, of clownish profligates, and uneducated spendthrifts; of those who have preferred to desert their bail rather than that army",
"ref": "; speech 2, section 5",
"text": "[…] magno opere contemno, conlectum ex senibus desperatis, ex agresti luxuria, ex rusticis decoctoribus, ex eis qui vadimonia deserere quam illum exercitum maluerunt;"
},
{
"english": "And it shall come to pass afterward, that I will pour out my spirit upon all flesh; and your sons and your daughters shall prophesy, your old men shall dream dreams, your young men shall see visions:",
"ref": "Late 4th century, Jerome [et al.], transl., edited by Roger Gryson, Biblia Sacra: Iuxta Vulgatam Versionem (Vulgate), 5th edition, Stuttgart: Deutsche Bibelgesellschaft, published 2007, →ISBN, 2:28:",
"text": "et erit post haec effundam spiritum meum super omnem carnem et prophetabunt filii vestri et filiae vestrae senes vestri somnia somniabunt et iuvenes vestri visiones videbunt",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"old man, older man (typically age 40 or older; older than a iuvenis)"
],
"links": [
[
"old man",
"old man"
],
[
"older",
"older"
],
[
"man",
"man"
],
[
"iuvenis",
"iuvenis#Latin"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "seneciō"
},
{
"word": "veglō"
}
],
"tags": [
"declension-3",
"feminine",
"masculine"
]
},
{
"antonyms": [
{
"word": "iuvenis"
}
],
"glosses": [
"old person, older person"
],
"links": [
[
"old",
"old"
],
[
"person",
"person"
],
[
"older",
"older"
]
],
"tags": [
"declension-3",
"feminine",
"masculine"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Latin terms with quotations",
"Latin terms with uncommon senses",
"Requests for translations of Latin quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "Albius Tibullus, Elegiae 1.6.82",
"roman": "Spectat et, infidis quam sit acerba, monet.",
"text": "At quae fida fuit nulli, post victa senecta\nducit inops tremula stamina torta manu\nfirmaque conductis adnectit licia telis\ntractaque de niveo vellere ducta putat.\nHanc animo gaudente vident iuvenumque catervae\nConmemorant merito tot mala ferre senem,\nHanc Venus exalto flentem sublimis Olympo"
}
],
"glosses": [
"as feminine old woman, older woman"
],
"links": [
[
"old woman",
"old woman"
],
[
"older",
"older"
],
[
"woman",
"woman"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(uncommon) as feminine old woman, older woman"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "anus"
},
{
"word": "anicula"
}
],
"tags": [
"declension-3",
"feminine",
"masculine",
"uncommon"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈse.neks/",
"tags": [
"Classical-Latin"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈs̠ɛnɛks̠]",
"tags": [
"Classical-Latin"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈse.neks/",
"note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical"
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈsɛːneks]",
"note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical"
}
],
"word": "senex"
}
{
"categories": [
"Latin 2-syllable words",
"Latin adjectives",
"Latin entries with incorrect language header",
"Latin feminine nouns",
"Latin feminine nouns in the third declension",
"Latin lemmas",
"Latin masculine nouns",
"Latin masculine nouns in the third declension",
"Latin nouns",
"Latin nouns with multiple genders",
"Latin terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Latin terms derived from Proto-Italic",
"Latin terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European word *sénos",
"Latin terms inherited from Proto-Italic",
"Latin terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Latin third declension adjectives",
"Latin third declension adjectives of one termination",
"Latin third declension nouns",
"Pages with 2 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"la:Age",
"la:People"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "senāculum"
},
{
"word": "senātor"
},
{
"word": "senātōrius"
},
{
"word": "senātrīx"
},
{
"word": "senātus"
},
{
"word": "seneciō"
},
{
"word": "senectus"
},
{
"word": "seneō"
},
{
"word": "senēscō"
},
{
"word": "seniculus"
},
{
"word": "senīlis"
},
{
"word": "senīliter"
},
{
"word": "senium"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fro",
"2": "sené"
},
"expansion": "Old French: sené",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old French: sené"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "es",
"2": "sené"
},
"expansion": "Spanish: sené",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Spanish: sené"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sc",
"2": "-"
},
"expansion": "Sardinian:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Sardinian:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sc-src",
"2": "seneghe",
"alt": "sèneghe"
},
"expansion": "Logudorese: sèneghe",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Logudorese: sèneghe"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sc-nuo",
"2": "seneche",
"alt": "sèneche"
},
"expansion": "Nuorese: sèneche",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Nuorese: sèneche"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "sénos"
},
"expansion": "PIE word\n *sénos",
"name": "PIE word"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "itc-pro",
"3": "*seneks",
"4": ""
},
"expansion": "Proto-Italic *seneks",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*sénos",
"4": "",
"5": "old"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *sénos (“old”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lt",
"2": "senis",
"3": "",
"4": "old man"
},
"expansion": "Lithuanian senis (“old man”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "ἕνος"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek ἕνος (hénos)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sga",
"2": "sen"
},
"expansion": "Old Irish sen",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cel-bry-pro",
"2": "*hen"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Brythonic *hen",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ae",
"2": "𐬵𐬀𐬥𐬀",
"3": "",
"4": "old"
},
"expansion": "Avestan 𐬵𐬀𐬥𐬀 (hana, “old”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "सन",
"tr": "sána"
},
"expansion": "Sanskrit सन (sána)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "got",
"2": "𐍃𐌹𐌽𐌴𐌹𐌲𐍃"
},
"expansion": "Gothic 𐍃𐌹𐌽𐌴𐌹𐌲𐍃 (sineigs)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "PIE word\n *sénos\nFrom Proto-Italic *seneks, from Proto-Indo-European *sénos (“old”). Sihler holds the former inflection to be a consonant stem *sē, senis, with some remodeled endings taken from the antonym iuvenis; others propose an o-stem *senos (but this leaves the remade nominative singular less clearly motivated).\nNonetheless, the apparent discrepancy between the nominative senex and the oblique root sen- may reflect a Proto-Italic root *seneɣ-, which in Old Latin would yield senex in the nominative and *seneh- (later contracted to sen-) in the oblique. Cognates include Lithuanian senis (“old man”), Ancient Greek ἕνος (hénos), Old Irish sen, Proto-Brythonic *hen, Avestan 𐬵𐬀𐬥𐬀 (hana, “old”), Sanskrit सन (sána) and Gothic 𐍃𐌹𐌽𐌴𐌹𐌲𐍃 (sineigs).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "senis",
"tags": [
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "senior",
"tags": [
"comparative"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "la-adecl",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "senex",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"masculine",
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "senēs",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"masculine",
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "senis",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"genitive",
"masculine"
]
},
{
"form": "senum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"genitive",
"masculine"
]
},
{
"form": "senī",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"feminine",
"masculine"
]
},
{
"form": "senibus",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"feminine",
"masculine"
]
},
{
"form": "senem",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"feminine",
"masculine"
]
},
{
"form": "senēs",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"feminine",
"masculine"
]
},
{
"form": "sene",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"feminine",
"masculine"
]
},
{
"form": "senibus",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"feminine",
"masculine"
]
},
{
"form": "senex",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"masculine",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "senēs",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"masculine",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "senex/sen<3-1+.-I>",
"comp": "senior"
},
"expansion": "senex (genitive senis, comparative senior); third-declension one-termination adjective (non-i-stem)",
"name": "la-adj"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "senex/sen<3-1+.-I>",
"noneut": "1"
},
"name": "la-adecl"
}
],
"lang": "Latin",
"lang_code": "la",
"pos": "adj",
"related": [
{
"word": "senior"
},
{
"word": "antīquus"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"antonyms": [
{
"word": "iuvenis"
},
{
"word": "novus"
},
{
"word": "novellus"
},
{
"word": "recēns"
}
],
"categories": [
"Latin terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "Now Eli was very old, and heard all that his sons did unto all Israel;",
"ref": "Late 4th century, Jerome [et al.], transl., edited by Roger Gryson, Biblia Sacra: Iuxta Vulgatam Versionem (Vulgate), 5th edition, Stuttgart: Deutsche Bibelgesellschaft, published 2007, →ISBN, 2:22:",
"text": "Heli autem erat senex valde et audivit omnia quae faciebant filii sui universo Israheli",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"old, aged, elderly"
],
"links": [
[
"old",
"old"
],
[
"aged",
"aged"
],
[
"elderly",
"elderly"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(usually of a person) old, aged, elderly"
],
"raw_tags": [
"of a person"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "grandaevus"
},
{
"word": "senectus"
},
{
"word": "vetus"
},
{
"word": "vetulus"
},
{
"word": "vetustus"
}
],
"tags": [
"declension-3",
"one-termination",
"usually"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈse.neks/",
"tags": [
"Classical-Latin"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈs̠ɛnɛks̠]",
"tags": [
"Classical-Latin"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈse.neks/",
"note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical"
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈsɛːneks]",
"note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical"
}
],
"word": "senex"
}
Download raw JSONL data for senex meaning in All languages combined (18.0kB)
{
"called_from": "form_descriptions/1698",
"msg": "unrecognized head form: non-i-stem",
"path": [
"senex"
],
"section": "Latin",
"subsection": "adjective",
"title": "senex",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/865",
"msg": "inflection table: IF WITHOUT ELSE EVALS False: senex/Latin 'Number' base_tags=set()",
"path": [
"senex"
],
"section": "Latin",
"subsection": "adjective",
"title": "senex",
"trace": ""
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-11-06 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-10-02 using wiktextract (fbeafe8 and 7f03c9b). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.